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project two online journal

from the spark to the pixel

early history of cinema has descriptions of many of the early cinematic machines such as the Phenakistoscope. I am intending to build a disc like this but with modern imagery perhaps from my short films. I could use a series of still digital photos or create a peice of video and export individual frames to create the disc. also I could render a series of frames from a 3d scene

to make this I could use a vinal lp as the template to draw the circle and centerpoint, drawing this onto wood and then... actually this would be hard to cut out, perhaps very thin wood then cut and sand it into shape.

completed this over easter break using my alien ball motif and importing the model abstract.3ds into a Vue 6 lanscape thus:

Lumiere Brothers vs Thomas Alva Edison

 

remoscope - homage to the lumiere brothers early cinema. a remoscope film has to be 1 min, fixed camera, silent and no effects. my first series over the weekend on my security camera placed in various positions in the backyard capturing the movement of plants in the winsd and the movement of the clouds. recorded onto vhs. Also filmed a 1min remoscope of the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior berthed at Dunedin Wharf during sundays open day.

Rainbow Warrior Remoscope
 

Backyard Remoscope
 

 

 

 
artist research
from the spark top the pixel:
Nam June Paik
Jeffrey Shaw - 'place - ruhr' seems to take the old Phenakistiscope design and reinterpret it into an immersive video installation
Sarah Kenderdine
Dumb Type
Shiro Takatani & Saburo Teshigawara
Gregory Barsamian
Marie Maquaire & Thomas McIntosh
Romy Achituv
Jean Michel Bruye're, Du Zhenjun, Pierrick Sorin
Christian Partos
David Moises & Erwin Redl
Ulf Langheinri, KAI, Brad Hwang, Joachim Sauter & Bend Lusebrink, Art + Com
 

 

Project two: an interactive ferrofluid

Sachiko Kodama: When I Met This Material
She had a very simple machine that regulated electricity to a spiral grooved metal cone in a bowl of ferrofluid. The cone is teflon coated.

Also 'protude flow' video here

my design may employ a number of audio speaker magnets with the cones removed to make them silent magnetic field generators. (I now realise that this will never work because the largest magnet in a speaker is the fixed permanent magnet)

i need to create a ferrofluid, regulate the magnetic fields and create a suitable cointainment vessel for the fluid.

procurement of chemicals... through school trying to get: ferric chloride, oleic acid, ammonia and steel wool. This is subject to a hazard assesment process so fingers crossed.

Creating the ferrofluid; I intend to use the procedure for synthesis listed here

Research into building electromagnets: The key importance of an electromagnet is the ability to control the strength of the magnetic flux density, the polarity of the field, and the shape of the field.  The strength of the magnetic flux density is controlled by the magnitude of the current flowing in the coil, the polarity of the field is determined by the direction of the current flow, and the shape of the field is determined by the shape of the iron core around which the coil is wound.

chart of technical specs of making magnets Here

the effects of time-varying magnetic fields on ferrofluids

making ferrofluids dance with computer controled electromagnets Here

experiment with two electromagnets (above and below) Here

gordon pask'd ferous ear experiments in self constructing dendritic sensor arrays from a ferous solution here

Monday 7/4/08 Chemicals Ordered and coming! Starting to reserch electromagnets and their fields, concidering a quadrapole magnet (see pic) but until I have a functioning ferrofluid it is difficult to plan as I will need to experiment. Also concidering a 'sandwich' model having magnets above and below in a low case with transparent sides

Friday 18/4/08 freaking chemicals still have not arrived! argh two weeks till project due argh... thinking of plan B strategem using diorama and crazytalk... grrr...

Monday 21/04/08 still no oleic acid. found a supplier of copper wire: EMD motor rewinders. have studied more about electromagnets and have found a suitable stand for the installation for $3 at the tip shop. have still to find a suitable container for the fluid

apparently a place called Reetveldts is this place to go for scrap metal bits and peices spo am off there for a look... (mon 21st)

tues 22nd: breakthrough, found great proffesional type electromagnets at Reitveldts, they want $20 each, plus the oleic acid should arrive tomorrow. Its expensive though it could cost $100 with shipping. this is turning into an expensive project... it better work!

I am planning on having 3 independantly controlled magnets on the bottom of a glass dish with potentiometers to control the voltage. This should give alot of control over the shapes in the fluid.

wed 23rd: christ! just found out I can't use potentiometers to control the voltage they won't work! it is sugested I use a variable power supply and they start at $239 ferfuxake... eyeing one up on trade me for $65 tho if its dc that is...

brought the power supply and it arrived in less than 24hrs! the oleic acid finally arrived today so looks like I'm away...

Mon 28th April. first ferrofluid synthesis failed! it did not seem to be magnetic. I suspect that the 'domestic ammonia' in nz may have detergent added or else the ferric chloride has an additive. i will approach the university and see if I can procure chemicals of greater purity from there.

in another blow against freedom of the individual the Uni will no longer supply chemicals to 'the public' despite my being an ID carying Uni staff member and post graduate student they insist on my going through my course supervisor. this means asking the harried Sue Ballard to do yet another thing and means delaying once more my project.

the worst thing about this is that these freedom inhibiting measures are wrought by people who think they are making the world a better place. the stifling of personal liberty has been an insidious global force that results in the elimination of diversity in our culture. Where will it end? Do we have to have all objects wrapped in cotton wool to stop anyone hurting themselves on hard surfaces? Almost everything I do now has been made more difficult by such measures. I think it is time to make a stand for basic human freedom. WHAT MAKES PEOPLE MORE HAPPY; SAFETY OR FREEDOM?

wed 30th: have obtained some ammonia of a more pure nature and am about to try the synthesis again...

thurs 1st may: fuck that ammonia was STRONG! the fumes were very intense but I think the synthesis worked this time! Only trouble is the amount of deformation in the fluid was absolutelt tiny; about a half a milimeter. this means that the $65 power supply and $20 magnet I have are useless, now I will have to go to mains power to get a much stronger magnetic field.

I brought a pair of rare earth magnets from Jaycar and they made the fluid react quite nicely but work best at a distance of 3-5cm not right up to the fluid. This basically means that I will be unable to make any of the installations that I had planned. Perhaps if one were able to build super high strength magnetic coils using hand wound electomagnets and high voltage but I am not comfortable with that medium. The rare earth magnets were freaky enough.

 

 

documentation of the ferrofluid synthesis

this is the assembled chemicals and tools I will use for the ferrofluid synthesis. from left to right we see: steel wool, coffee filters, ammonia (this didn't work and had to obtain concentrated stuff from a lab), ferric chloride made up from the packet dissolved in spring water, 20ml syringe from D.I.V.O, oleic acid ($85!) reaction vessel (jam jar)
reacting the ferric chloride with steel wool till it turns bright green. I used much more 'wool' for the second synthesis
filter out the steel wool and reaction crud
drawing out a further 20ml of ferric chloride
and adding it to the reaction vessel after adding the ammonia swirling the jar continualy
resulting magnetite precipitation is apparent
made a cup of tea
heated the stuff from the jar in a pot till near boiling then very slowly and carefully added the oleic acid. at this stage the ammonia fumes present a real hazard
this is the variable power supply hooked up to the electromagnet (see below) which is underneath the 'containment vessel' this turned out to be too weak so applied...
two rare earth magnets which attracted the fluid very well
you can see that the spikes appear when the magnet is a few cm from the containment vessel. Also I found that the fluid would not spike automatically even with the magnets at the perfect distance, a process of particle aglomeration had to be manually achieved before the tendrilation could manifest.
filmed the fluid reacting for documentation below
ferrofluid experiment declared a sucess at the experimental stage. but as it reacts differently than I imagined and the fields need to be much stronger its back to the drawing board for an installation application

this is the magnet and stand for the installation (experiment):


 

`

Ferrofluid Recipe from: http://www.sci-spot.com/Chemistry/liqimag.htm

PROCEDURE

WHY?

THE FIRST PHASE IS TO PRODUCE FERROUS CHLORIDE FROM FERRIC CHLORIDE (PCB ETCHANT), WHICH WILL LATER BE USED TO PRODUCE MAGNETITE.  NOTE THAT COMMERCIAL PCB FLUID IS 1.5M, SO THE AMOUNTS GIVEN BELOW WILL PRODUCE ABOUT 5 G OF MAGNETITE.

1.  WITH THE PLASTIC SYRINGE, MEASURE 10ML OF FERRIC CHLORIDE (PCB ETCHANT) INTO A PYREX CUP.  ADD 10ML OF DISTILLED WATER.

d

 

THIS PORTION OF FeCl3 WILL BE REDUCED TO FeCl2.  IT MUST BE DILUTED FIRST BECAUSE OF SOME ADDITIVE IN RADIOSHACK PCB FLUID THAT CAUSES SIDE REACTIONS WITH THE IRON. 

2.  ADD A SMALL PIECE OF STEEL WOOL.  STIR OR SWIRL THE SOLUTION UNTIL IT HAS TURNED BRIGHT GREEN.  FILTER WITH A COFFEE FILTER.

d

 

FeCl2 IS BRIGHT GREEN AFTER FILTERING.  EVEN BEFORE YOU FILTER YOU'LL NOTICE A COLOR CHANGE, BUT THERE WILL BE 'CRUD' FLOATING IN IT.

NOW MAGNETITE WILL BE PRECIPITATED FROM A SOLUTION OF FERRIC AND FERROUS CHLORIDE.
3.  ADD 20ML OF FERRIC CHLORIDE (PCB ETCHANT) TO THE GREEN FERROUS CHLORIDE SOLUTION FeCl3 AND FeCl2 REACT IN A 2:1 RATIO.  THE CONCENTRATION OF FeCl2 IS HALF THAT OF FeCl3 (SINCE WE ADDED WATER), SO EQUAL VOLUMES PRODUCE THE REQUIRED RATIO.
4. WHILE STIRRING, ADD 150ML OF HOUSEHOLD AMMONIA THE AMMONIA PARTICIPATES IN A COMPLEX REACTION WITH THE IRON SALTS TO PRODUCE MAGNETITE, Fe3O4, WHICH FALLS OUT OF SOLUTION.  THE AMMONIA REACTS WITH THE EXCESS CHLORINE, PRODUCING MAGNETITE POWDER IN AMMONIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION.
THE MAGNETITE WILL NOW BE COATED WITH OLEIC ACID.
5.  IN A WELL VENTILATED AREA, HEAT THE SOLUTION TO NEAR BOILING.  ADD 5ML OF OLEIC ACID, WITH STIRRING.  CONTINUE TO HEAT NEAR BOILING UNTIL THE SMELL OF AMMONIA DISAPPEARS, USUALLY ABOUT AN HOUR. THE OLEIC ACID REACTS WITH THE AMMONIA TO FORM AMMONIUM OLEATE, A SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE SOAP.  THE HEAT CAUSES THE AMMONIUM OLEATE TO BREAK DOWN, AND THE OLEATE ION ENTERS SOLUTION WHILE THE AMMONIA ESCAPES AS A GAS.  THE OLEATE ION ATTACHES TO A MAGNETITE PARTICLE, AND IS RECONVERTED TO OLEIC ACID.
THE COATED MAGNETITE WILL NOW BE SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER FLUID.
6. IN A WELL VENTILATED AREA, ADD 100ML OF KEROSENE TO THE COOLED SOLUTION.  STIR UNTIL MUCH THE BLACK COLOR HAS LEFT THE WATER AND TRANSFERRED TO THE KEROSENE WHILE BOTH MAGNETITE AND OLEIC ACID ARE INSOLUBLE IN WATER, OLEIC ACID IS SOLUBLE IN KEROSENE.  STIRRING ALLOWS THE OLEIC ACID COATED PARTICLES TO LEAVE THE AQUEOUS PHASE AND ENTER THE KEROSENE
7.  POUR OFF AND COLLECT THE KEROSENE LAYER.  DISCARD THE WATER.  VOILA! d THE KEROSENE HAS SUSPENDED THE MAGNETIC PARTICLES, AND IS NOW A FERROFLUID.